央行数字货币的兴起：动因、制度框架和技术路径（英文版）.pdf

BIS Working Papers No 880 Rise of the central bank digital currencies: drivers, approaches and technologies by Raphael Auer, Giulio Cornelli and Jon Frost Monetary and Economic Department August 2020 JEL classification: E58, G21. Keywords: central bank digital currency, CBDC, central banking, digital currency, digital money, distributed ledger technology, blockchain. BIS Working Papers are written by members of the Monetary and Economic Department of the Bank for International Settlements, and from time to time by other economists, and are published by the Bank. The papers are on subjects of topical interest and are technical in character. The views expressed in them are those of their authors and not necessarily the views of the BIS. This publication is available on the BIS website (). © Bank for International Settlements 2020. All rights reserved. Brief excerpts may be reproduced or translated provided the source is stated. ISSN 1020-0959 (print) ISSN 1682-7678 (online) Rise of the central bank digital currencies: drivers, approaches and technologies∗ Raphael Auer, ♦Giulio Cornelli♦and Jon Frost ♦† Abstract Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are receiving more attention than ever before. Yet the motivations for issuance vary across countries, as do the policy approaches and technical designs. We investigate the economic and institutional drivers of CBDC development and take stock of design efforts. We set out a comprehensive database of technical approaches and policy stances on issuance, relying on central bank speeches and technical reports. Most projects are found in digitised economies with a high capacity for innovation. Work on retail CBDCs is more advanced where the informal economy is larger. We next take stock of the technical design options. More and more central banks are considering retail CBDC architectures in which the CBDC is a direct cash-like claim on the cent