30kta氯化氢氧化制氯气生产工艺初步设计化学工程与工艺.doc

第二章 MACROBUTTON AcceptAllChangesInDoc [XXXX...] PAGE 56 30kt/a氯化氢氧化制氯气生产工艺初步设计 摘 要 氯气是一种重要的化工原料应用极其广泛。应用于化学、冶金、造纸、纺织、制药、石油工业、饮用水消毒和环境保护工业。我国的氯产品有200多种，主要有70多个。但是，使用氯的过程会产生副产物HCl。目前，运行的企业多采用水吸收法，将副产HCl制成盐回收或低价出售。盐酸的价格便宜、腐蚀性较强、储存难、不易长时间运输。当盐酸滞销时只能采取中和排放的方法，这样既会造成氯资源的浪费，也带来了环境问题。人们逐渐意识到要进行HCl气体的回收利用，将氯元素循环使用。 由氯化氢制备氯气的方法主要有：电解法、直接氧化法、和催化剂法。其中，电解法投资大、能耗高，直接氧化法存在废液处理难、HCl转化不完全等问题，因此，电解法和直接氧化法不能获得高的经济价值。催化氧化法最早的工艺是由Deacon在1868年发明，此方法在工业中已有较为广泛的使用,本设计采用Deacon法 根据Deacon工艺流程，选用适宜的操作单元模块和热力学方法，建立过程模型进行稳态模拟计算。采用Aspen流程模拟软件对流程进行了模拟，对工艺参数进行了优化，得到了适宜的操作条件。对流程中所涉及的设备进行选型，并进一步绘制了物料流程图、带控制点的工艺流程图以及主要设备的工艺条件图。 关键词：氯气；氯化氢氧化；Deacon工艺 ABSTRACT Chlorine is an important chemical raw material which has been widely used. It is used in chemical, metallurgy, papermaking, textile, pharmaceutical, petroleum industry, disinfection of drinking water and environmental protection industry. Chlorine products have more than 200 in China, there are more than 70 main products. However, the use of chlorine will produce a byproduct of HCl. Enterprises uses the water absorption method to absorb chlorine, the by-product HCl will be recoverd or sell. Hydrochloric acid is cheap, strong corrosive, hard storage, easy transport for a long time. When hydrochloric acid unsalable ,we can only take method to neutralize them and emission them. However, chlorine will cause the waste of resources, but also brings environmental problems. The awareness which is carrying out the recycling of HCl gas, and recycle the chlorine element is growing. Method of preparation of chlorine from hydrogen chloride are: electrolysis, direct oxidation and catalyst. The electrolysis of high investment, high energy consumption, direct oxidation of existing wastewater treatment difficult, HCl transformation is not completely, therefore, the electrolysis and direct oxidation method can’t obtain high economic value. The process as early as the catalytic oxidation method was invented by Deacon in 1868, the use of this method has been