现浇钢筋混凝土结构质量问题及预防措施.doc

. PAGE . 摘 要 钢筋混凝土结构合理地利用钢筋和混凝土两种材料的特性，使其具有了良好的抗拉性能和较高抗压强度。除此之外，现浇钢筋混凝土还有可模性好、整体性好、耐久性好、耐火性好、易就地取材等优点。基于钢筋混凝土的良好性能，因而在土木工程领域得到了广泛引用，然而由于其固有的缺点也导致应用中出现诸多质量问题，如蜂窝、钢筋锈蚀、不均匀沉降、裂缝等等各种问题。这些问题或多或少的直接或间接影响结构的耐久性和结构的稳定性，从而影响工程质量，是工程事故发生的罪魁祸首，更关系着人们的生命安全和财产安全。发现质量问题找到预防措施，是为人们提供一个安全舒适的工作和生活空间的必要保障。 本文主要介绍的是钢筋混凝土出现的问题及防治措施。本文首先从钢筋混凝土结构的通病出发，阐述了混凝土结构中常出现的一些质量问题，其次通过介绍现浇钢筋混凝土结构中最常见的两种形式框架和剪力墙结构，主要分析结构中裂缝的起因和防治。最后是简单论述新工艺新技术在建筑结构中的应用。论文的总体思路是总分总形式，从总体通病到具体结构的裂缝问题，再到新工艺新技术的采用对所有结构质量问题的防范。 关键词：现浇混凝土结构；框架结构；剪力墙结构；裂缝；纤维复合材料 Abstract Reinforced concrete structure rational use of steel and concrete characteristics of two kinds of material, make it have a good tensile performance and high strength. In addition, cast-in-place reinforced concrete and can mold the gender is good, integral sex is good, better durability, refractory, easy to carry local materials, etc. Based on the good performance of reinforced concrete, and in civil engineering has been widely quoted, however, due to its inherent disadvantages also lead to appear in the quality of the application of many issues, such as the honeycomb, and rust corrosion, the uneven settlement, crack and so on various issues. These problems more or less directly or indirectly affect the structure of durability and the structure stability, thereby affecting the engineering quality, is engineering accident happened culprit, more relations peoples life and property security. Find quality problems found preventive measures, is to provide a safe and comfortable work and life space is the necessary security. This paper mainly introduces the problems of the steel and concrete and preventive measures. In this paper, the common problems of reinforced concrete structure, based on the concrete structure this often appears the some quality problems, secondly, through the introduction of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure of two of the most common forms framework and the shear wall structure, the paper analyzes the cause of cracks in t