组织理论与设计 加拿大第三版 习题手册及答案 (Test Bank)Organization Theory and Design ，3rd Canadian Edition by Daft.docx

Name: ? ?Class: ? ?Date: ? Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page?PAGE135 CHAPTER 1 - ORGANIZATIONS AND ORGANIZATION THEORY 1.?According to Frederick Taylor’s theory of scientific management, what should decisions about??organizations and job design be based on? ? a.? scientific procedures after careful study of individual situations ? b.? insights of practitioners ? c.? leadership, motivation, and human resource management ? d.? management theory ANSWER:?? a 2.?Which statement best describes scientific management? ? a.? It used scientifically tested methods of motivation to improve organizational performance. ? b.? It is an outgrowth of the Hawthorne studies, which found that people performed best in an environment of clearly specified, narrow job task. ? c.? It focuses on effectiveness rather than efficiency. ? d.? It is successful at increasing output, in part through the use of incentive systems. ANSWER:?? d 3.?Which of the following emphasizes designing and managing organizations on an impersonal, rational basis through such elements as clearly defined authority and responsibility, formal record keeping, and uniform application of standard rules? ? a.? administrative principles ? b.? scientific management ? c.? bureaucracy ? d.? hierarchy ANSWER:?? c 4.?Interpretations of which of the following concluded that positive treatment of employees improved their motivation and productivity? ? a.? administrative principles ? b.? stakeholder approaches ? c.? scientific management ? d.? the Hawthorne studies ANSWER:?? d 5.?Today, organizations have to learn to cross lines of time, culture, and geography in order to survive. Why is this necessary? ? a.? because of the need to be more socially aware ? b.? because of quickly shifting customer expectations and environmental changes ? c.? because of companies’ ability to locate different parts of the organization wherever it makes the most business sense ? d.? because organizations are engulfed by information te