The Constructionist Approach to Framing Bringing Culture Back In外文电子书.pdf

Journal of Communication ISSN 0021-9916 ORIGINAL ARTICLE The Constructionist Approach to Framing: Bringing Culture Back In Baldwin Van Gorp Department of Communication Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6500 HC Nijmegen, The Netherlands This article aims, within the constructionist paradigm, at integrating culture into the framing process. Four characteristics are important for this approach: the distinction between the event, the media content, and the frame; the explicit attention to the reconstruction of frame packages; the relationship between frame packages and cultural phenomena; and the interaction between frame sponsors, key events, media content, schemata, and the stock of frames. An elaborated framing model is presented, and, sub- sequently, the constructionist approach is compared with priming and agenda setting. Finally, the methodological implications are discussed, in order to develop a strategy to reconstruct frame packages. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00329.x In recent years, framing theory has taken over from agenda-setting and cultivation theory as the most commonly applied research approach in the field of communi- cation science (Bryant & Miron, 2004). The framing concept, however, does not belong exclusively to the tool set of the communication scholar. In fact, its origins lie in the fields of cognitive psychology (Bartlett, 1932) and anthropology (Bateson, 1955/1972). Subsequently, it was adopted by other disciplines, often with a shift in meaning, including sociology (e.g., Goffman, 1974), economics (e.g., Kahneman & Tversky, 1979), linguistics (e.g., Tannen, 1979), social-movements research (e.g., ¨ Snow & Benford, 1988), policy research (e.g.