毕业设计（论文）-家用5KW离网光伏发电系统的设计.docx

摘要常规能源在消耗的过程中会产生多种有害气体，不但污染环境，而且无法长久稳定地提供能源，而核能源虽然属于新型能源，但是可使用量有限，其在消耗的过程中会产生放射性废料。与现有的其他能源相比，太阳能可谓优势突出，来源充足、方便易得，光伏发电系统就是通过各种设备直接将其转换为电能的系统，因此开展针对光伏发电系统的研究对于合理高效利用资源、推动新型能源的开发、促进光伏发电系统的发展具有重要意义。本文以研究离网型光伏发电系统为目标，以相关基本理论为基石，通过模块化设计，利用仿真工具进行模拟，实现了对该系统的深入研究。以光伏电池、蓄电池、变换器、控制器等硬件模块和最大功率点跟踪原理及算法等理论作为研究基础，对系统的设计主要包括对太阳能电池板的配置和计算、蓄电池组的配置和计算、DC-DC变换器的设计、DC-AC逆变器的设计和控制器的设计等。以负荷要求为根据，进行有关参量的计算，选取合适的先进硬件材料，确定光伏电池和蓄电池的串并联数目；考虑输入与输出的数量关系，考虑实际负荷要求，考虑各种因素的影响，选取合适的变换器；由于智能控制器能够完成对系统的自动控制，保证系统正常且高效运行，因此非常适合作为系统的控制环节。借助MATLAB的仿真功能，依据已知的对各个模块的工作原理、基本结构的分析与研究，实现了对5kW离网型光伏发电系统中多个模块的模拟仿真，仿真结果与理论结果相一致。关键词：离网型光伏发电系统 系统模块设计 系统模拟仿真AbstractConventional energy would release a large number of harmful gas in the process of consumption, and it cannot be stable for a long time to provide energy. Nuclear fuel belongs to new energy source but non-renewable energy, and it would eject radioactive waste at work and damage to the environment, so solar energy resource has obvious advantages by comparison. Solar photovoltaic power generation system is able to convert solar energy into DC or AC power through a variety of equipment, thus, study of solar photovoltaic power generation system is of great significance to use resources efficiently and promote the development of photovoltaic power generation systems.Study of off-grid photovoltaic power generation system as the goal, through the design of off-grid photovoltaic power generation system modules, using simulation tools for simulation, the household 5 kw off-grid photovoltaic power generation system research is implemented in this paper. Hardware such as photovoltaic cells, battery, converter and maximum power point tracking principle and algorithm theory as a foundation for research, the household type 5 kw off-grid photovoltaic power generation system is designed, mainly including configuration and calculation for the solar panels, battery configuration and calculation, the design of DC-DC converter, DC-AC inverter and the design of controller. Based