高中英语选修课：英语文学欣赏 the nightingal and the rose夜莺与玫瑰 教学课件_精品.ppt

Oscar Wilde (1856-1900) Born in Dublin, Oscar Wilde is an Irish poet, dramatist, novelist and essayist, was educated at Oxford, where he was greatly influenced by his teacher Walter Pater. Both of them are considered the most important representatives of aestheticists(唯美主义者) in English literature. * Aestheticism (唯美主义) was a cultural phenomenon, which began to prevail in Europe at the middle of the 19th century, when the theory of “art for art’s sake” was first put forward, declaring that art should serve no religious, moral or social purpose, nor any purpose except itself. Actually it was a kind of escapism in essence. “Art for art’s sake” is only the hopeless answer of the artist to the slogan “art for money’s sake”--- hopeless because ivory never was a good material for fortifications(要塞). Thus, aestheticism was regarded fin-de-siele sentiment(世纪末的感伤) * Oscar Wilde’s literary output shows the versatility of his inventive powers as well as the complexity of his social and artistic ideas. From the eighties to the nineties, Wilde wrote and published all his major works, which include two collections of fairy stories: The Happy Prince and Other Tales 1888 《快乐王子和其他故事》 A House of Pomegranates 《石榴屋/石榴之家》 1891 * A collection of short stories: Lord Arthur Savile’s Crime and Other Stories 《亚瑟·萨维尔勋爵的罪行和其他故事》 His only novel: The Picture of Dorian Gray 1891 《道林·格雷的画像》 His main dramas: Lady Windermere’s Fan 1893 《温德密尔夫人的扇子》 A Woman of No Importance 1894 《无足轻重的女人》 An Ideal Husband 《理想的丈夫》 1895 The Importance of Being Earnest 《认真的重要性》 1895 Salome 《莎乐美》 (written originally in French and published in English) * In May 1895, when Wilde rose to the summit of his fame, he was sentenced to two years’ hard labor on a charge of immoral conduct. After release, he went to France, for he was totally disappointed at the society of the Victorian England. And then died suddenly in 1900. * In some of his fairy tales like The Devoted Friend, The Happy Prin