水资源量可再生性的量化方法研究.pdf

水资源量可再生性的量化方法研究* 王中根 ,夏 军 ,刘昌明 ,王纲胜 （1.中科院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101） 摘要: 水资源可再生性研究将为水资源可持续利用提供如何确定控制阈值的科学依据。目前，水资源可再生性 的量化研究刚刚开始，现有的一些方法还都比较简单，不利于从水文循环更深层次上揭示水资源量可再生性。 该文从单元水体的水文循环过程入手，基于水量平衡关系，提出单元水体水资源量可再生性指数及计算公式。 最后，结合分布式水文模型，将所提出的量化指数应用于马连河流域，分析其水资源量可再生能力大小及时空 分布规律。 关键词：水资源量可再生性；水文循环；量化方法；马连河流域 中图分类号：TV211 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-7588(2003)04- Study on the Quantifying Method of Water Quantity Renewability WANG Zhong-gen , XIA Jun , LIU Chang-ming , WANG Gang-sheng （Institute of Geographic al Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101 China ） Abstract ：Studying on water quantity renewability is vital to place water management on a sustainable track. But, at present “what is water quantity renewability?”and “how to describe it quantitatively?”are not very clear. Some papers discuss those questions and address some viewpoints and quantifying methods about water quantity renewability. But those methods are very simple and cannot describe the nature of water quantity renew ability. So, in this paper a new method to quantify water quantity renewability is put foreword based on hydrological processes and the tank model, theoretical analysis show that this method can give good expression to water quantity renewability. In case study, the method is applied to Malianhe basin in weatern China, Research results indicate that the method can be used to analyze the spatio-temporal change law of water quantity renewability in the hydrological cycle. Keywords: Water quantity renewability; Hydrological processes; Quantifying method; Malianhe basin 1 引 言 在 “水资源危机”日益严重的今天，水资源可再生性的探讨尤为重要。众所周知，水文循环使水资 源具有可再生属性，维持水资源可再生性是实现水资源可持续利用的基础条件。然而，水资源可再 生的主要影响因素是什么？如何影响？以及如何量化水资源可再生能力的大小？