比较和对照的英语写作方法.docVIP

Comparison and Contrast 比较和对照的写作方法 一．目标、重点和难点 目标：掌握英语作文中比较和对照的写作方法（比较着重相似点，而对照强调不同之处）； 重点：熟悉比较和对照写作方法的特点、模式及相关写作语块（词组、结构及句子）； 难点：训练学生对作文主题的思维拓展以及相关语言表达的总结。 二．A Brief Introduction 1. Definitions of comparison and contrastComparison: You are asked to explain how two or more things are alike.Contrast: You are asked to explain how two or more things are different. 2. Two methods to organize a comparison and contrast essay 使用比较和对照写作方法的一般是说明文与论说文，常见的比较对照有两种方式 1）逐点比较方式Point-by-point method (or alternating arrangement): You alternate points about A (one thing) with comparable points about B (another thing). AB交错，即A1，B1；A2，B2；A3，B3...。 Item-by-item method (or block arrangement): You discuss all of A, then all of B. 先A后B，即A1, A2, A3...；B1，B2，B3...。 3. structure Usually, comparison and contrast essay writing consists of three parts: Introduction, Body and Conclusion. Introduction often begins with a sentence that will catch the reader’s interest. Then name the two subjects and state that they are very similar or quite different, having many important (or interesting) similarities or differences. Body discusses how both subjects are different or similar with the two methods (alternating or block arrangement). Conclusion gives a brief, general summary of the most important similarities and differences. End with a personal statement, or a prediction. 4．Samples Sample1 Country Life and City Life It is really hard to say which is better than the other, city life or rural life. Both have their merits and shortcomings. Living in the city has a great many advantages. First, you can enjoy various kinds of foods, both foreign and domestic. Second, there are more cultural activities in the city – you can go to the concert, the theatre, the movies or the disco club after a day’s hard work. But city life has many problems, too. The overcrowded population, traffic jam, industrial pollution, and the lack of understanding between people may result in diseas