翻译技巧(新1-2011级).ppt

1.直译与意译 翻译的方法，大体说来有两大类：直译（literal translation）与意译(free translation)。“既忠于原文的内容，忠于原文的形式”的翻译就是直译；只忠于原文的内容，不拘泥于原文的形式的翻译就是意译。在翻译时，能直译就直译，能意译就意译。E.g. 1) His novel is as mirror of the times. 他的小说是时代的一面镜子. (L) 2) The newspaper claims to be the mirror of public opinions. 该报宣称忠实反映了公众意见. (F) 3) In some automated plants electronic computers control the entire production line. 在某些自动化工厂，电子计算机控制整个生产线。（L） 4)? Hitler was armed to the teeth when he launched the Second World War, but in a few years , he was completely defeated. 希特勒在发动第二次世界大战时是武装到牙齿的，可是不过几年，就被彻底击败了。（L） 5)?对外开放取得新进展。1990年共批准“三资”企业99家，全省“三资”企业已达284家。(L&F) New progress has been made in the process of opening to the outside world. In 1990, the province approved 99 “Three Forms of Ventures ”(Sino-foreign joint ventures, cooperative enterprises and wholly foreign-funded enterprises), the total number of the “Three Forms of Ventures ” reached 284. (直译加注。“三资”企业若单纯直译为Three forms of Ventures ,译文读者会不知说云，如全意译，译文则太长显得累赘。) 6）在农村，特别是偏僻落后的农村，还残存着少数包办买卖婚姻的陋习。(L&F) In China’s more remote and backward rural areas, corrupt practices exist in the form of forced marriages…(若译为arranged or bought and sold marriages,既冗长又难懂，未表达出这种婚姻的强迫性。) 7) Newton created a planetary dynamics which was so successful that for many years scientists complained that nothing was left to be done. 牛顿创立的天体力学是那么成功，以致许多年来科学家们抱怨没留下什么可以继续搞的。(L) 牛顿创立的天体力学真是天衣无缝，以致许多年来科学家们抱怨无空可补。(F) 注意：直译和意译并非势不两立，有时同一个句子用两种译法都可。E.g. 7）One stone kills two birds. ----一石二鸟。 ----一箭双雕。 ----一举两得。 课堂作业 1.last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 2.She was torn between staying at home to watch the TV play serial and going to the cinema with him. 3.The problem is staring us in the face. 4.Prices and wages are fellow-travelers on the same upward escalator. 5.In the national war against Japanese aggression, all patriotic Chinese should spend or be spent. 6. A: Can you help me carry these boxes upstairs? B: Will a duck swim? 1.昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。 2.她既想呆