打瓜取籽机设计.doc

本 科 毕 业 论 文（设 计）  打瓜取籽机  学 指 所 专 年 生 导 在 姓 教 学 名 师 院 业 级 本科毕业设计  摘要 打瓜是新疆生产建设兵团重要的经济作物，在建设兵团的农业产业结构调整中占有 重要地位。随着农业产业结构调整，打瓜的种植规模越来越大，人力投入，生产成本 的消耗等问题日益突出，因此，打瓜产业的全程机械化亟需解决。目前，在打瓜的收 获环节：采取人工采摘、人工辅助集条机集条集堆、机械取籽配合作业，使得劳动强 度大，劳动成本高。同时籽瓜成熟后因其特性不宜在田间放置过久，如逢秋雨霜冻， 极易腐烂，另外打瓜成熟时正是棉花、玉米、甜菜等大宗作物收获农忙之际，劳动力 奇缺，给打瓜人工收获带来很大困难因此，有必要对打瓜收获取籽环节机具及配套设 备进行研究以解决籽瓜机械化收获问题。分析了目前在兵团广泛使用的几种籽瓜收获 机械的基本结构及功能；并依据不同的工作机理，介绍了籽瓜捡拾装置、输送装置、 取籽装置的基本类型和技术特点。 针对我国西部籽瓜加工劳动强度大、机械化程度低的现状，设计了打瓜籽汁分离 机。该分离机的设计思路为：将打瓜初步粉碎、用辊轮将打瓜完全压碎、使瓜瓤和瓜 皮分离、排出瓜皮、用离心法将汁和瓜籽分离、最后收集瓜籽。本机的主要装置有破 碎齿压碎辊轮、大滚筒棍刀、小滚筒、小滚筒辊刀和瓜籽的收集装置。本机结构简单 紧凑，装载携带方便，能够大幅提高籽瓜的加工效率，适合于广大籽瓜种植农户推广 使用。 关键词：打瓜：破碎：压碎：脱籽 Abstract：Watermelon seed is an important economic crop, the xinjiang production and construction corps in the agricultural industrial structure adjustment of construction corps occupies an important position. With the agricultural structure adjustment, the seeds of melon planting scale is more and more big, the manpower, increasingly prominent problems such as the consumption of the production cost, therefore, in the whole process of the seed melon industry mechanization are eager to solve. At present, the melon seed harvesting stage: take the artificial picking, the auxiliary machine sets set of pile, the mechanical seed with homework, makes the labor intensity and labor cost is high. Seed melon mature at the same time because of its features should not be placed too long in the field, such as every autumn frost, easy to decay, and other seed melon mature when it is cotton, corn, beet, etc of staple crops harvested, labor scarce, bring great difficulty to the seed melon artificial results, thus it is necessary to seed melon closed for seed link machinery and related equipment are studied to solve the problem of seed melon harvest mechanization. Analysis of the 本科毕业设计 current widely used in production and  construction corps of a few basic structure and function of seed melon harvest m