组织经典理论.doc

《组织理论经典》 Classics of Organization Theory考试重点1.社会组织 P206Social Organization Social organization refers to the ways in which human conduct becomes socially organized, that is, to the observed regularities in the behavior of people that are due to the social conditions in which they find themselves rather than to their physiological or psychological characteristics as individuals. 社会组织指的是把人们做事的行为社会化，即在一定的社会条件下，用规章制度来规范人们的行为，并且，（在组织环境下）人们以（集体形式）来辨别（区别）自己，而非通过个人心理或生理特征。 2. 诱因经济 P93et Satisfaction The net satisfactions which induce a man to contribute his efforts to an organization result from the positive advantages as against the disadvantages which are entailed. 诱因经济是以劝诱的方式使得个人在其优势与劣势的斗争中做出努力，并可以（顺势）对企业做出贡献的一种（有效）经济。3. 组织文化 P373The culture of a group can now be defined as a pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration, that has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems. 组织文化是（企业）适应外部环境，整合内部环境的一种共同假设。它健康、有效的运行（机制），可以为新员工提供认知、思考和感知问题的正确方法 4. 管理者的7个主要职能 P86 POSDCORBPlanning organizing staffing directing coordinating reporting budgeting 计划 组织 人事 指导 协作 报告 预算. 系统思维 P481Systems Thinking Systems thinking is a discipline for seeing wholes. It is a frame for seeing interrelationships than things for seeing patterns of change rather than static snapshots. 系统思维是纵观（企业）全局的一种方法，它是考察千变万化并相互联系的事件的一个框架，而不是简单的静态映像（观念）. 自我实现 P171Self-actualization Self-actualization refers to the desire for self-fulfillment, namely, to the tendency for him to become actualized in what he is potentially. 自我实现是一种自我实现的意愿，即一种无意识（自动）的成为自己符合潜在定位人的趋势. 奖赏的力量P322 Reward Power Reward power is defined as power whose basis is the ability to reward. The strength of the reward power of O/P increases with the magnitude of the rewards which P perceives that O can mediate for him. 奖赏的力量是以员工的获酬能力为基础的。 1. 亨